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village idiot
The village idiot in strict terms is a person locally known for ignorance or stupidity,〔(Dictionary.com )〕 but is also a common term for a stereotypically silly or nonsensical person. The term is also used as a stereotype of the mentally disabled.〔(Siegel, L.J., 1970: The Justifications for Medical Commitment--Real or Illusory. ) ''Wake Forest Intramural Law Review'', 6, 21.〕 It has also been applied as an epithet for an unrealistically optimistic or naive individual.〔Culebras, A., 1997: The village idiot. ''European Journal of Neurology'' 4, 535–536.〕
The village idiot was long considered an acceptable social role, a unique individual who was dependent yet contributed to the social fabric of his community.〔Oliver, M., 1989: Disability and dependency: a creation of industrial societies? In ''Disability and Dependency'' (Len Barton, ed.), Routledge, ISBN 978-1-85000-616-9.〕 As early as Byzantine times, the "village idiot" was treated as an acceptable form of deranged individual compatible with then-prevailing normative conceptions of social order. The concept of a "village savant" or "village genius" is closely related, often tied to the concept of pre-industrial anti-intellectualism, as both figures are subjects of both pity and derision.〔Dols, M.W., 1987: Insanity and its treatment in Islamic society. ''Medical History'' 31, 1-14.〕 The social roles of the two are combined and applied, especially in the sociopolitical context, in the European medieval/Renaissance court jester.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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